Nation's Pride: the fictional propaganda and Eli Roth's short film

Nation's Pride exists on two levels: as a propagandistic feature film within the story and as footage shot for Inglourious Basterds. Its real creators and the ones who appear in the fiction are not interchangeable.

The film the regime wants to celebrate

Nation's Pride, also called Stolz der Nation or Nation's Pride, turns the feats attributed to Fredrick Zoller into a propaganda film. The soldier plays a version of himself, while Goebbels' apparatus uses his figure to present a heroic image of war. Within the story, the production has a gala premiere and the political importance of an official event. It is not a historical documentary recovered by Tarantino, but a film invented for his fiction.

The distance between Zoller and his projected image matters more than the exact reconstruction of a battle. On screen, his shots are organised as a demonstration of efficiency and superiority. The editing reduces the opponents to targets that fall, while reserving the visually dominant position for the protagonist. That form of representation helps explain what propaganda seeks to do: fix an interpretation of violence before the audience can consider the experience of those who suffer it.

The premiere also makes it possible to observe the viewers of that propaganda. Their reactions are part of the meaning of the internal film. The audience does not receive the images as a warning against war, but as an occasion for celebration. Tarantino's film makes the outside audience see the inside audience enjoying violence directed against others. That double gaze complicates the satisfaction that the reversal of the situation can later produce.

The character of Fredrick Zoller is not exhausted by his heroic portrayal. His conduct off screen and his relationship with what is projected introduce a distance that belongs to his specific analysis. To understand Nation's Pride, it is enough to note that a person and a public image are not the same thing. Propaganda selects, repeats and organises actions to turn them into a narrative useful to the power that funds the screening.

What Eli Roth shot and how it was integrated

In the actual production, Eli Roth directed the material for the film-within-a-film with Daniel Brühl as Zoller. The short film also includes Bo Svenson as an American colonel. The fragments that appear within the feature are not the same as the entire piece shot. Editions that include the short as an extra make it possible to watch it with another continuity, separate from the audience's reactions and from the events that interrupt the screening in the main story.

That separation avoids a confusion of running time. Within the fiction, it is described as a film intended to occupy a screening and made up of several reels. The real material prepared to portray it is much shorter. There is no need to calculate the running time of the fictional feature from the extra, or to assume that Tarantino had to produce a complete propaganda film of the length his characters attribute to it. Cinema can suggest a larger work through a part built for that purpose.

Roth explained in interviews that he worked on the edit of the material while the main shoot was still under way. Even so, the integration of those shots into Inglourious Basterds belongs to the feature's edit, credited to Sally Menke. They are related tasks, but distinct. Building the continuity of a battle short is one thing; deciding when the outside viewer sees it, how long it remains on screen and at what point it cuts to a face, a booth or an action outside the auditorium is another.

The collaboration can be placed in Eli Roth's work with Tarantino, without therefore attributing to him all the departments of the internal piece. Directing a short film does not automatically make its director the composer, exclusive editor or person responsible for every sound effect. Credits have to be read by role and by version. The film that appears within the fiction also adds invented names, which must not be confused with the real professionals on the shoot.

Music and texture of an apparently old copy

The musical opening of the internal film uses pre-existing material associated with Angelo Francesco Lavagnino, taken from The Last Days of Pompeii. This reference does not allow us to say that Lavagnino composed a new score for Roth's short, nor that his music was written for a Nazi production. It is a reuse within a 2009 film that fabricates a historical appearance through elements from different sources. Identifying a particular piece also does not in itself identify all the musical fragments in the edit.

The treatment of the sound does, however, have a direct explanation from the team. Wylie Stateman and Harry Cohen worked on a mix that would evoke the limitations of a film from the late 1930s or early 1940s. They explored playback through an old loudspeaker and a digital processing chain; the digital option was chosen. That process shows that a sound that seems old can be the result of a deliberate contemporary construction.

The sound texture helps to separate the two levels of image. When we hear the internal film, the gunfire and voices seem to belong to a print being screened in a cinema. When the action returns to the audience, the space of the premiere reappears. That difference makes it possible to move between representation and event without relying solely on black and white. The ear takes part in identifying the place from which each sound comes and the distance that separates it from the viewer.

The function of that work is clear in the screening of Nation's Pride: the internal film must feel recognisable as spectacle before it is interrupted by another message. Its conventions prepare an expectation of authority and control. The later intrusion changes precisely that relationship between image, audience and cinema owner. The effectiveness of the break depends on the propaganda having first taken on a sufficiently concrete audiovisual form.

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